The Development Of The Telesat Domestic Communication Satellite System

A review of the development of the Telesat Communication Satellite System is given including a brief discription of the earth and space segments of the initial system. The growth and development of the earth stations and services since the start of operation in January 1973 are outlined with emphasis on services provided to remote northern communities. The most likely areas for future system expansion are reviewed and an indication of the possible space segment improvements for future satellites in the system given

Factors influencing education in metallurgy in England and Wales 1851 - 1950

The scale and range of metal industry both expanded greatly during the period 1851 - 1950 and there also occurred a large increase in the understanding of metals and alloys, materials vital for engineering. On these grounds it might be expected that the discipline of 'metallurgy' would occupy a key position in formal teaching programmes, but the reality was different: metallurgy classes did show growth, but it was only small by comparison with that in many other subjects. To account for the relatively-poor showing of metallurgy, the effects of a number of agencies have been examined. It is considered that industry's influence on instruction was largely negative; job opportunities for those who possessed formal training were few, poorly paid, squalidly situated, and lacking in prospects. By contrast, among individuals a few, including several teachers, made outstanding positive contributions, either by persuading boards of directors to give substantial funds, or as ambassadors for metallurgy at meetings of learned societies and in Government committees. State encouragement was manifested in several ways: there was a background effect upon general schooling; more importantly, trading factors led to the provision of increased technical instruction; and thirdly, military aims prompted financial investment in technological and scientific tuition. Metallurgical instruction received help from various societies, e.g. the Society of Arts, the London livery companies, the Iron and Steel Institute, and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. These last two bodies, with others, published useful papers which furthered knowledge. In 1945 a professional body, the Institution of Metallurgists, came into being and at the same time a national certificate scheme in metallurgy was started. These developments marked real progress. It is suggested that, particularly in earlier years, growth was impeded by metallurgy's academic and industrial subordination to chemistry and to engineering, which resulted in the lack of any clearly-perceived distinctive identity

Navigating Into the New Safe Harbor : Model Interest Surveys as a New Tool for Title IX Compliance Programs

The policy debate and the divergent views expressed in the mainstream media have provided little practical advice regarding the Additional Clarification or the Model Survey to the well-intentioned academic institution seeking to comply with Title IX in a cost-effective manner. This Article is intended to be a source of such practical advice. This Article discusses the Additional Clarification from the perspective of the academic institution and seeks to help it evaluate whether to implement the OCR\u27s recommendations, including the Model Survey, as part of its Title IX compliance program. The Article does not engage in the policy debate regarding the Additional Clarification or Title IX enforcement policy generally. Section I of this Article discusses Prong Three from a historical perspective, to place the Additional Clarification in context. Section II summarizes the contributions of the Additional Clarification to the Title IX compliance landscape and explains the OCR\u27s recommendations for using the Model Survey. Section III discusses possible advantages and disadvantages of using the Model Survey. Section IV suggests an approach to using the Model Survey as an ongoing component of a Title IX compliance monitoring program

Enhancement of aged and denatured fingerprints using the cyanoacrylate fuming technique following dusting with amino acid-containing powders

We have carried out experiments to investigate the ageing of latent fingerprints deposited on black PVC over a period of 4-15 weeks. A thumbprint was used in each case and before deposition of the print the donor rubbed their thumb around their nose to add sebaceous deposits. We have studied the effect of heat, light and moisture and we find that moisture is the most significant factor in the degradation of the latent print. We have attempted to enhance these latent prints by dusting with valine powder or powders composed of valine mixed with gold or red fluorescent commercial fingerprint powders. In order to make a direct comparison between “treated” and “untreated” prints, the prints were cut in half with one half being “treated” and one not. Our studies show the best results being obtained when powders of valine and red fluorescent powders are applied prior to cyanoacrylate fuming

Enhancement of latent fingerprints on fabric using the cyanoacrylate fuming method followed by infrared spectral mapping

A method has been developed for the visualization of latent fingerprints on fabrics, which is based upon cyanoacrylate (superglue) fuming followed by imaging using an infrared microscope. Results show that imaging on smooth, shiny fabrics such as polyester, silk, nylon and acetate of different colors and patterns can give an improvement over existing enhancement methods. Results for cotton and polycotton were less successful and it is thought this may be due a combination of the presence of the carbonyl functional group in these fabrics as well as their absorbency to fingerprint sweat. The carbonyl peak (1700 cm-1) provided the optimum spectroscopic feature to map and image a fingerprint. Comparisons between infrared mapping at a specific frequency range and principal component analysis showed that improved imaging was obtained with principal component analysis

Generalised analytic queueing network models. The need, creation, development and validation of mathematical and computational tools for the construction of analytic queueing network models capturing more critical system behaviour.

Modelling is an important technique in the comprehension and management of complex systems. Queueing network models capture most relevant information from computer system and network behaviour. The construction and resolution of these models is constrained by many factors. Approximations contain detail lost for exact solution and/or provide results at lower cost than simulation. Information at the resource and interactive command level is gathered with monitors under ULTRIX'. Validation studies indicate central processor service times are highly variable on the system. More pessimistic predictions assuming this variability are in part verified by observation. The utility of the Generalised Exponential (GE) as a distribution parameterised by mean and variance is explored. Small networks of GE service centres can be solved exactly using methods proposed for Generalised Stochastic Petri Nets. For two centre. systems of GE type a new technique simplifying the balance equations is developed. A very efficient "building bglloocbka"l. is presented for exactly solving two centre systems with service or transfer blocking, Bernoulli feedback and load dependent rate, multiple GE servers. In the tandem finite buffer algorithm the building block illustrates problems encountered modelling high variability in blocking networks. ': . _. A parametric validation study is made of approximations for single class closed networks of First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) centres with general service times. The multiserver extension using the building block is validated. Finally the Maximum Entropy approximation is extended to FCFS centres with multiple chains and implemented with computationally efficient convolution

Exploration of the risk factors contained within the UK’s existing domestic abuse risk assessment tool (DASH): do these risk factors have individual predictive validity regarding recidivism?

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore risk factors contained in the existing UK domestic abuse (DA) risk assessment tool: domestic abuse, stalking and harassment and honour-based violence (DASH) for individual predictive validity of DA recidivism using data from Devon and Cornwall Constabulary. Design/methodology/approach In total, 1,441 DA perpetrators were monitored over a 12-month period, and 270 (18.7 per cent) went on to commit a further DA offence. The individual risk factors which were associated and predictive of increased risk of recidivism were identified. Findings Only four of the individual risk factors were significantly associated with an increased risk of DA recidivism: “criminal history”, “problems with alcohol”, “separation” and “frightened”. Therefore, 21 of the risk factor items analysed could not discriminate between non-recidivist and recidivist perpetrators. Only two risk factors were able to significantly predict the recidivist group when compared to the non-recidivist group. These were identified as “criminal history” and “separated”. Of those who did commit a further DA offence in the following 12 months, 133 were violent and 137 were non-violent. The risk factors associated with these types of recidivism are identified. Practical implications The implications for UK police practice and the DASH risk assessment tool are discussed. By identifying key individual factors that can prioritise those individuals likely to recidivate and the severity of that recidivism, this could assist police decision making regarding the response and further prevention of DA incidents. The validation of association between individual factors and DA recidivism should improve the accuracy of risk levels. Originality/value This is the first large-scale validation of the individual risk factors contained within the UK’s DA risk assessment tool. It should be noted that the validity of the DASH tool itself was not examined within the current study

The Co-occurrence of Risk Factors for Intra-familial Child Homicides and Suspicious Child Deaths in England and Wales.

This study aimed to examine the co-occurrence of known risk indicators for intra-familial child death, to identify any themes which may exist. Data consisted of 100 child intra-familial deaths recorded by Police forces in England and Wales from 2006-2012. Categorical principal component analysis was used to assess relationships between 10 risk factors for intra-familial child death, resulting in the creation of four risk conditions, representing themes drawn from the literature, ‘abusive and unstable co-parenting’, ‘multiple parent stressors’, ‘parental social issues’ and ‘neglectful parenting’. Implications for police practice and risk management strategies are discussed